Notes

1. Martner (2007), ECLAC (2009), Daude et al. (2011).

2. ECLAC ECLACSTAT database, based on official national statistics and OECD National Accounts.

3. Gómez Sabaini et al. (2010).

4. ECLAC (2010b).

5. Agosín et al. (2005), Perry et al. (2006) and Gómez Sabaini et al. (2010).

6. Cetrángolo and Gómez Sabaini (2007); OECD (2008b, 2010b).

7. OECD (2008b); Daude et al. (2011).

8. ECLAC (2010b).

9. Jiménez et al. (2010).

10. Rofman et al. (2008), mesa-Lago (2009), OECD (2010b) and Da Costa et al. (2011).

11. Villela et al. (2009).

12. Jiménez and Podestá (2009).

13. Villela et al. (2009).

14. De Cesare and Lazo Marín (2008) and ECLAC (2010a). For an analysis of their effects on economic growth, see OECD (2010c).

15. Gómez Sabaini et al. (2010).

16. ECLAC (2010b).

17. González and Martner (2010) and López-calva and Lustig (2010).

18. ILPES (2011).

19. Jorrat (2011).

20. Chu et al. (2000).

21. IDB (2006), Gómez Sabaini (2006) and OECD (2008a, 2008b).

22. See the pioneering work of Downs (1957), for example.

23. Alesina and Giuliano (2009); alt et al. (2010) and Robinson (2010).

24. Elizondo and Santiso (2011).

25. Daude and Melguizo (2010).

26. Torgler (2005).

27. Gaviria (2007).

28. Jiménez et al. (2010).

29. Marcel (2008) and OECD (2010b).

30. Daude and Melguizo (2010).

31. Daude and Melguizo (2010); OECD (2010b).

32. ILPES (2011).

33. OECD (2010a).

34. OECD (2010c).

35. Lerda (2009).

36. ECLAC (1998) and ILPES (2011).

37. Gómez Sabaini and Martner (2010).

38. ECLAC (2010b).

39. ECLAC (2010b).

40. Carranza et al. (2011).

41. ILPES (2011).

42. ECLAC (2010b).

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